![]() ![]() Such gangs as Ragen's Colts became influential in Chicago politics. ![]() Īs in New York and northeastern gangs, it was during the early period of Chicago gang growth that gangs connected themselves politically to local leaders. The gangs of Chicago in the late 19th century were particularly powerful in the areas around the Chicago Stockyards, and engaged in robbery and violent crime. However, gangs in the 19th century were often multiethnic, as neighborhoods did not display the social polarization that has segregated different ethnic groups in the postmodern city (see Edward Soja). European immigrant groups such as Poles and Italians formed the core membership of Chicago gangs, while only 1% of gangs were black. Gangs emerged in the Midwest in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Chicago. These tongs were matched in strength by an emerging Italian organized crime network that became the American Mafia. ![]() Meanwhile, Chinese immigrants formed tongs, which were highly structured gangs involved in gambling and drug trafficking. Another late 19th century New York gang was the Jewish Eastman Gang. In New York after the Civil War, the most powerful gang to emerge was the Whyos, which included reconstituted members of previous Five Points area gangs. Reemergence and growth: 1870–1940 The historical Rufus Buck Gang (1895)ĭuring the late 1800s, gangs reemerged as a criminal force in the Northeast, and they emerged as new criminal enterprises in the American West and the Midwest. However, these early gangs reached their peak in the years immediately prior to the Civil War, and gang activity had largely dissipated by the 1870s. Herbert Asbury depicted some of these groups in his history of Irish and American gangs in Manhattan, and his work was later used by Martin Scorsese as the basis for the motion picture Gangs of New York. The New York City draft riots were said to have been ignited by young Irish street gangs. By 1855, it was estimated that the city of New York contained 30,000 men who held allegiances to gang leaders. The Five Points Gang in particular became influential in recruiting membership to gangs and toward establishing gang relationships with politicians. Other criminal gangs of the pre- Civil War era included the Dead Rabbits and the Five Points Gang. Notable examples of slave rebellions (as well as white backlash to the perceived threat of them) in colonial New York include the New York Slave Revolt of 1712 and the New York Conspiracy of 1741.Īfter the early 1820s, however, gangs began to focus on criminal activity, one example being the Forty Thieves, which began in the late 1820s in the Five Points area. ![]() Slaves living in New York formed two paramilitary groups which could be seen as "gang" like, Smith's Fly Boys and the Long Bridge Boys. These early gangs were not exclusively engaged in criminal activity their members often were employed as common laborers. Of these were the Smiths's Vly gang, the Bowery Boys, and the Broadway Boys, all three of which were predominantly Irish immigrants. On the Lower East Side of New York, these immigrant groups formed into gangs in an area known as the Five Points. Three main immigrant groups entered the Northeast US via New York in the early 1800s: English, Irish, and German. Early street gangs in the Northeast: 1780–1870 View of fight between two gangs, the Dead Rabbits and the Bowery Boys, New York City, 1857 The earliest of these serious gangs formed in northeastern American cities, particularly in New York. However, these early street gangs had questionable legitimacy, and more serious gangs did not form until at least the early 1800s. The earliest American street gangs emerged at the end of the American Revolutionary War in the early 1780s. In many cases, national street gangs originated in major cities such as New York City and Chicago but they later grew in other American cities like Albuquerque and Washington, D.C. Many American gangs began, and still exist, in urban areas. These include national street gangs, local street gangs, prison gangs, motorcycle clubs, and ethnic and organized crime gangs. Street tag of the Crips gangĪpproximately 1.4 million people in the United States were part of gangs as of 2011, and more than 33,000 gangs were active in the country. Almighty Latin King Nation graffiti of the "King Master" along with the abbreviations "L" and "K" on the sides. ![]()
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